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Fill lightThe fill light is also moved, being placed on the opposite side of the camera from the key light and close to the camera–subject axis. It is important that the fill light not cast a shadow of its own in order to maintain the one-light character of the portrait. The only position from which you can really observe whether the fill light is doing its job is at the camera. Check carefully to see if the fill light is casting a shadow of its own by looking through the viewfinder.

Key light (main light) To create this setup, the key light is lowered and moved more to the side of the subject so that the shadow under the nose becomes a small loop on the shadow side of the face.

Hair light

Background light Reveals the character of the background and helps separate it from the subject. Angle: toward the back-ground, usually from the side and high enough to avoid Glare and subject or microphone shadows. Tip: Avoid overlit backgrounds except for High Key, limbo, and special effects.

Shadowless no shadow on the faces n the picture , even light .

Hard light

Soft light

Grey card

Reflector makes flash not so hard 

Diffuser to spread the flash out to reduce red eye

Intensity (Strength, or how to set shutter speed and aperture's appropriate to portraits)

2:1 light ratio

• Direction: Where is the light coming from—the front, the side, or behind?
• Intensity: How bright is each light source?
• Color: What color is the light—white, red, blue…?
• Contrast: Is the transition from the highlights to the shadows subtle or sudden?
• Hardness: What do the edges of the shadows look like?

light basics

Rembrandt : triangle left of cheek 

Split : splits the face into two light vs. dark 

Broad light : turn away from light , broad or lit side of face

Butterfly light : above the camera straight down

Loop light : loop shadow starts to build , right side shadow and highlight 

Flash Photography Basic Concepts

1. every flash photography is two exposures in one . ambient light exposure flash exposure .
2. fill flash can be used when subject us backlight or side lit to eliminate silhouettes or shadows
3. flash exposure is not affected by shutter speed can change aperture iso but not shutter
4. flash illumination is dramatically affected by distance
5. your camera measure ambient light and flash illumination separately
6. with automatic flash metering , the flash illumination is measured after the shutter button is pressed , and the flags output is adjusted accordingly .
7. every SLR camera with a mechanical shutter box has a maxi flash sync shutter speed .
8. harsh lighting , washed out subjects and red eye can be eliminated by using diffusers and light bouncing .
9. it is possible to change the order of when the flash fires using "Rear Curtain Sync."
10. removing the flash from the top of the camera helps eliminate red eye and unflattering shadows .

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Spring Challenge

1. Name of Tutorial? digital photography long exposure 

2. Save and post an example of the type of photograph this tutorial produces? 

3. What equipment do you need? (Make a list. Be specific.) tripod ,camera , battery , lens , cars , light 

4. List of important things to do to prepare for shoot? (Make a numbered list.)
1. look for spots
2. plan what time
3. find a spot not to close to cars
5. List of important tips during shoot. (Make a numbered list.)
1. keep it on the tripod
2. watch out of cars
6. List of important tips on how to process in Lightroom (or other software) after shoot? adjust the color and fix the exposure .